新冠疫情结束,中国宣布全面开放边境后不久,Zhang Chuannan女士(张女士,下同)失去了上海一家化妆品公司会计师的工作,并决定去海外闯闯。
34 岁的张女士说:“化妆品生意很惨淡。”她解释说,在疫情期间每个人都戴着口罩。下岗后,她花了1400美元参加了在线泰语课程,获得了教育签证,搬到了泰国北部城市清迈。
张女士是这些想要移居海外的中国年轻人中的一员,他们在严格的清零政策下生活了三年后,为了逃离中国竞争激烈的工作文化、家庭压力和有限的机遇而移居海外。东南亚因其地理位置优越、生活成本相对低廉和其美丽的热带风光而成为热门目的地。
自中国结束疫情防控政策并重新开放边境以来,没有确切的移居海外的中国年轻人的数据。但在中国的社交媒体平台小红书上,数百人讨论了他们移居泰国的决定。许多人获得了学习泰语的签证,同时制定了未来的计划。
今年年初,在清迈帕亚普大学,大约500名中国人开始了在线泰语课程。
曼谷私立语言学院杜克语言学校的校长Royce Heng表示,每月约有180名中国人询问签证和课程的相关资讯。
远离家乡寻找机会的部分原因是中国16岁至24岁人群的失业率在6月份升至历史新高的21.3%。好工作的稀缺增加了长时间工作的压力。
纽约奥尔巴尼锡耶纳学院社会学教授贝弗利·袁·汤普森表示,对于年轻员工来说,选择退出是一种越来越流行的应对激烈竞争方式。
汤普森说:
在20多岁和30岁出头的时候,他们可以去泰国工作几年,感觉自己的生活质量很高,如果这些移民在自己的祖国能获得他们想要的工作机会,他们就只是去度假。
贝弗利·袁·汤普森
在中国疫情期间,张女士曾被关在上海的公寓里数周。即使解除封锁,她也担心再次爆发新冠肺炎疫情会导致政府又施行封控。
张女士说道:
我现在更看重自由。
Zhang Chuannan
遣散费资助了她在泰国的时光,她正在想长期留在国外的方法,也许是通过线上教中文。
搬到清迈意味着早晨在鸟鸣声中醒来,享受更轻松的生活节奏。与在中国不同,她有时间练习瑜伽、去购物并参加舞蹈课程。
Armonio Liang(梁先生,下同)离开中国西部内陆城市四川省成都,前往印度尼西亚巴厘岛,这是一个受欢迎的数字移民目的地。 他的Web3社交媒体初创公司受到中国政府的限制,而他使用的加密货币交易应用程序则招致了警方的骚扰。
搬到巴厘岛给38的他带来了更多的自由空间和中产阶级的生活方式,而他的经济能力在家乡可能只勉强维持生活。
梁先生说:
这是我在国内得不到的,成千上万的想法在我的脑海中涌现。 我以前从未有如此丰富的想象力和创造力。
Armonio Liang
他指的是在海滩上用笔记本电脑工作并与来自世界各地的外籍人士进行头脑风暴的交流。
他也很享受受到微笑的欢迎。
他说:
在成都,每个人的压力都很大。 如果我对陌生人微笑,他们会认为我是个白痴。
Armonio Liang
不过,海外生活并不全是友好的朋友聊天。汤普森说,对于大多数年轻工人来说,这样的停留将是他们生活中的插曲。
汤普森说:
他们不能生孩子,因为孩子必须上学,他们无法履行对父母的责任。 如果年迈的父母需要帮助怎么办? 他们最终会在家里找到一份全职工作,并因为其中一件事情而被叫回家。
贝弗利·袁·汤普森
张女士说她面临着结婚的压力。梁先生希望他的父母和他一起搬到巴厘岛。
梁先生说:
这是一个大问题,他们担心离开中国后会感到孤独,担心这里的医疗资源。
Armonio Liang
2020年,由于航空旅行在新冠疫情期间停止,32岁的Huang Wanxiong(黄先生,下同)在菲律宾保和岛滞留了七个月,他花了时间学习自由潜水,即在没有氧气瓶的情况下潜水到很深的地方。
他最终飞回了中国南方城市广州的家,但在2021年政府打击该行业后,他失去了在一家私人补习公司的工作。他的下一份工作是每天驾驶超过16小时的网约车司机。
黄先生说:
那些日子我感觉自己就像一台机器,我可以接受稳定不变的生活,但我不能接受没有任何希望、不努力改善现状、向命运投降。
Huang Wanxiong
黄先生于二月回到菲律宾,逃离了家庭压力,他本想在中国找到好一点的工作并交到女朋友。他在薄荷岛获得了潜水教练资格。
但由于没有中国游客授课,也没有收入,他于6月再次飞回国。
他仍然希望以潜水员的身份谋生,可能会回到东南亚,尽管他也可能会同意父母的提议,移民到秘鲁,在一家超市工作。
黄先生回忆说,有一次他潜入水中40米(131 英尺)后浮出水面,速度太快,双手因严重缺氧而颤抖。 他吸取的教训是避免匆忙并保持稳定的攀爬。在下一步行动之前,他计划利用自由潜水员的纪律来应对在中国生活的焦虑。
黄先生说:
打赏作者我将从岛屿周围的海洋中学到的平静运用到我的现实生活中。我会保持自己的节奏。
Huang Wanxiong
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